2024-2025 Undergraduate and Graduate Catalog 
    
    Jul 01, 2025  
2024-2025 Undergraduate and Graduate Catalog

Biology BS, (includes all specializations for Bachelor of Science program)


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College of Arts and Sciences
Degree: BS, Biology
Department Chair: Cosima B. Wiese, PhD

Faculty

Angela Asirvatham, Associate Professor of Biology, DVM Madras Veterinary College; MS University of Wyoming; PhD Kent State University

Linda A. Auker, Assistant Professor of Biology, BS, Long Island University; MS University of Rhode Island; PhD University of New Hampshire

Frank DiPino, Professor of Biology, BA State University of New York; PhD Marquette University

Barbara J. McCraith, Associate Professor Emerita of Biology, BS LeMoyne College; MS Winthrop College; PhD University of South Carolina

Anthony Serino, Associate Professor of Biology, BS MS University of Scranton; PhD The Pennsylvania State University

Cosima B. Wiese, Professor of Biology, BA Bucknell University; MSc, PhD The Pennsylvania State University

Mateusz Wosik, Assistant Professor of Biology, BSc Elmhurst College; PhD University of Toronto

The biology curriculum is designed to provide a diverse and solid foundation in various areas of the biological sciences. Given the rate and nature of the current advances, such a background requires a supporting foundation in the physical sciences, mathematics and the other liberal arts in order to adequately prepare an individual to pursue a career in the field of biology. A variety of opportunities exist for post-graduate employment in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, biotechnology, food, and chemical industries as well as in government agencies and universities.

With this foundation and the selection of appropriate elective courses, a biology major is prepared for post-graduate studies in medicine, veterinary medicine, dentistry, podiatry, optometry, or for graduate study in various specialties in the biological sciences such as molecular biology, neurobiology, genetics, physiology, developmental biology, botany, microbiology, and ecology. A biology major is assigned an advisor who helps plan a program of courses consistent with the student’s interest and career objectives. Majors in Biology must maintain at least a “B” cumulative average and a GPA of at least 3.0 to be recommended to graduate or professional schools.

Mission

The mission of the biology program is to provide students with a foundational comprehension of the diverse areas of biological sciences so they will be prepared to formulate questions, use science to investigate those questions, and communicate the results with others. 

Program Learning Outcomes and Student Learning Outcomes

Program Learning Outcome 1: Students will develop strong foundational comprehension of the concepts, mechanisms, and processes of biology.

Student Learning Outcomes:

1a. Identify and explain fundamental biological concepts and principles

1b. Describe the unifying biological concepts underlying the diversity of life

1c. Demonstrate the ability to find, read, understand and critically evaluate scientific literature

1d. Students in a declared specialization will demonstrate competency in unique skills and specialization specific knowledge.

Program Learning Outcome 2: Students will apply the scientific process and experimental methodologies to test biological concepts, mechanisms and processes. 

Student Learning Outcomes:

2a. Identify articles in the primary literature relevant to the focus of the experimental work

2b. Apply comprehension of biological concepts to formulate questions and hypotheses

2c. Demonstrate use of experimental methodologies to test hypotheses

2d. Collect data and analyze data

Program Learning Outcome 3: Students will demonstrate their knowledge of biological principles and concepts through effective communication to diverse audiences.

Student Learning Outcomes:

3a. Use data from experimentation and the primary literature to write a well-organized and scientifically credible research paper or report

3b. Use data from experimentation and the primary literature to present a well-organized and scientifically credible presentation 

Program Learning Outcome 4: Students will propose and carry out research projects.

Student Learning Outcomes:

4a.    Integrate knowledge of the scientific literature to develop a testable question for independent research

4b.    Use and/or evaluate scientific methods and equipment to conduct experiments and collect data

4c.    Evaluate and synthesize findings

4d.    Disseminate conclusions through a written report or presentation

Admissions Requirements:

Prospective undergraduate applicants must meet both Misericordia University’s and the biology department’s admission criteria. Students must have the following criteria to be considered for acceptance into the biology program:

  1. Completion of at least one year (each) of high school Biology, Chemistry and pre-Calculus.
  2. Class rank in the top half of the high school graduate class and/or a cumulative 2.75 grade point average

The mission of the biology program is to provide students with a quality education in the diverse areas of biological sciences so they can be prepared to pursue a career in research and graduate studies. The curriculum emphasizes the central principles of biology while also allowing students to specialize by selecting upper level courses from three distinct tracks to prepare them for diverse career paths in the biological sciences. Experiential learning is built into the biology curriculum through investigative laboratory activities in courses and research opportunities with faculty. By doing hands-on work through courses and research opportunities, students will learn to develop, carry out and analyze experiments using the scientific method while learning specific research techniques, such as those used for tissue culture, molecular biology, biochemistry, histology, physiology and biology field work. This curricular approach, in conjunction with the supporting courses required by the curriculum, provides students with the knowledge and skills necessary to prepare for a diverse array of career paths. A variety of opportunities exist for postgraduate employment in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, biotechnology, food, and chemical industries, as well as in government agencies and universities. In addition, biology majors are prepared for post-graduate studies in medicine, veterinary medicine, dentistry, podiatry, optometry, or for graduate study in various specialities in the biological sciences such as cell and molecular biology, genetics, organismal biology, and ecology.

Students who wish to purse a Bachelor’s degree in Biology have the following options:

  1. B.S. in Biology: Students who are on the B.S. track have two options:
    1. B.S. Biology with research option: Students who choose the research option are required to take five biology electives. These students will take a research project in BIO 300 Junior Biology Seminar  and take at least 2 credits of BIO 480 Biological Research  to conduct an independent research project under the guidance of a faculty member. The students will then present the findings of their research in BIO 400 Senior Seminar .
    2. B.S. Biology with the non-research option: Students who choose the non-research option are required to take six biology electives but are not required to take BIO 480 Biological Research . These students will develop a proposal for a library-based research project in BIO 300 Junior Biology Seminar  and present their findings in BIO 400 Senior Seminar .
  2. B.A. in Biology

Students who wish to purse a B.A. in biology will be required to take five biology electives. They are not required to take BIO 300 Junior Biology Seminar , BIO 480 Biological Research , or BIO 400 Senior Seminar .

Pre-Professional Curriculum

The Pre-professional curriculum (Pre-Med, Pre-Vet, Pre-Optometry and Pre-Dental) is the same as the Biology  degree curriculum.

Students are advised to find information about graduate studies from the following sources:

American Dental Association: www.ada.org

American Medical Association: www.ama-assn.org

American Optometric Association: www.aoa.org

American Veterinary Medicine Association: www.avma.org

Suggested Curricula


The following are suggested curricula for a variety of biology specialities including a BS in Biology, BA in Biology, BA Biology/Secondary Education, or a BA Biology (Pre-DPT). A minor is also available.

Students must take five (5) biology electives from the courses listed below, with at least one (1) elective in each of the three (3) tracks:

Specializations


Additionallly, students pursuing the B.S. option may elect to select a specialized area of concentration. Students who do so should discuss this option with their advisors in the sophomore year, in order to declare the specialization prior to the start of the junior year.

Pre-medical health professions specialization:

Student in the pre-medical health professions specialization would meet the distribution requirements in the three tracks in the following way:

  • Track 1: Microbiology (required)
  • Track 2: Comparative Anatomy or Gross Anatomy (required)
  • Track 3: Students can select any track 3 course
  • Elective 1: Cell Biology or Genetics (required)
  • Elective 2: Students can select any 300-400 level biology course

The Pre-medical health professions specialization prepares students to pursue a variety of careers in the health professions, including medicine, veterinary medicine, optometry, podiatry and dentistry. Electing this specialization will allow students to complete all requirements for a career path in the field of medical health professions and helps to prepare the student for the content of the entrance examination for their respective graduate program. This specialization requires Comparative or Gross Anatomy, Microbiology, and Cell Biology or Genetics. Recommended electives for this specialization are Endocrinology, Immunology, Genetics, Molecular Genetics, Histology, Developmental Biology, and Biochemistry II.

Conservation Biology specialization:

Student in the Conservation Biology specialization would meet the distribution requirements in the three tracks in the following way:

  • Track 1: Genetics (required)
  • Track 2: Students can select any track 2 course
  • Track 3: Issues in Conservation Biology
  • Elective 1: Students can select any track 3 course (Ecology, Evolution, Environmental Biology, Invasive Species or Marine Biology recommended)
  • Elective 2: Students can select any track 3 course or Biostatistics

The specialization in Conservation Biology prepares students to apply biological principles to solve ecological problems using statistics, geographic information systems, and a strong grounding in ecological theory. This specialization will build the student’s quantitative skills that are necessary for the study of ecology. Students in this specialization will be prepared to pursue careers in wildlife ecology conservation, or go on to pursue additional training in graduate programs in conservation, ecology, and wildlife biology. If students choose to do so, they may further expand their understanding of the broader reaches of ecological problems by taking an Environmental Studies minor to understand the social, historical, and economic stakeholders in ecological issues.

Cell and Molecular Biology specialization:

Student in the Cell and Molecular Biology specialization would meet the distribution requirements in the three tracks in the following way:

  • Track 1: Cell Biology or Genetics (required)
  • Track 2: Students can select any track 2 course
  • Track 3: Students can select any track 3 course (Evolution recommended)
  • Elective 1: Microbiology or Endocrinology (required)
  • Elective 2: Students can select any 300-400 level biology course (Molecular Genetics, Immunology, or Developmental Biology recommended)

The Cell and Molecular Biology specialization explores the structure, function and interaction of molecules to understand fundamental cellular processes that govern life. By taking elective courses in Cell Biology, Genetics and other cell and molecular disciplines, students will gain a deep understanding of how molecular and cellular processes give rise to complex physiological function. This specialization will prepare students for careers and/or graduate studies in areas such as biotechnology, pharmaceuticals and medicine. 

Integrated Organismal Systems specialization:

Student in the Integrated Organismal Systems specialization would meet the distribution requirements in the three tracks in the following way:

  • Track 1: Students can select any track 1 course (Endocrinology, Microbiology or Development Biology recommended)
  • Track 2: Comparative Anatomy
  • Track 3: Students can select any track 3 course (Animal Behavior, Evolution, or Ecology recommended)
  • Elective 1: Invertebrate Zoology or Plant Physiology (required)
  • Elective 2: Students can select any 300-400 level biology course (General Physiology recommended)

Integrative and organismal biologists study organisms from the molecular to the ecological level to gain a deep understanding of their functions and adaptations. In the Integrated Organismal Systems (IOS) specialization, students will study the whole-organism and its physiological systems within evolutionary and ecological contexts. Students will learn how an organism’s systems function and interact, and how organisms are affected by and interact with their environment through coursework in Comparative Anatomy and Invertebrate Zoology or Plant Physiology. Common themes in scientific method and measurement are emphasized throughout to build a skill set that can be applied to multiple types of biological endeavors, such as careers in wildlife biology and management, paleontology, natural history institutions and museum, education, and other exciting fields focusing on the biology of whole organisms.

Sequence of Required Courses


Sequence of Required Courses for the research option track. Students pursuing the non-research option would not take BIO 480 , and would take an additional BIO major elective.

First Year


First Semester


Total Credits 15

Total Credits 15

Second Year


Total Credits 15

Total Credits 16

Third Year


First Semester


Total Credits 15

Second Semester


Total Credits 17

Fourth Year


First Semester


Total Credits 15

Second Semester


Total Credits 13

Minimum Credits Required for Graduation: 120


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